דו״ח מאומת

Melatonin plays a crucial role in managing the body's sleep-wake cycle, and its natural occurrence in certain foods has generated interest in dietary interventions to improve sleep. This scoping review explores the impact of consuming foods that naturally contain melatonin on various sleep quality parameters. The literature was obtained through four major databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Web of Science using PRISMA guidelines. A total of 19 articles were included, comprising 14 interventional trials and 5 cross-sectional studies. Key data were extracted on melatonin sources, dosages, sleep assessment methods, and reported effects on sleep. The quality of articles included was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) appraisal tools. The findings of interventional studies suggested that melatonin-rich foods, including Montmorency tart cherries, Jerte Valley cherries, tomatoes, and kiwifruit, may contribute to improvements in sleep quality, duration, and efficiency, particularly among individuals experiencing sleep disturbances; however, the findings remain heterogeneous. Observational studies also suggested possible associations between higher intake of melatonin-rich foods and favorable sleep-related outcomes, including sleep quality, circadian rhythm regulation, and reduced social jetlag, although findings were heterogeneous across populations and study designs. However, studies were limited by variability in population, timing of consumption, melatonin dosage, intervention duration, and sleep assessment tools. Most of the studies focused on a narrow range of foods, despite the increased availability of other melatonin-rich options that remain underexplored. Future research should prioritize the use of objective tools to assess sleep and investigate a more diverse range of dietary melatonin sources to gain a better understanding of their potential role in sleep regulation.…

PMID: 42058225

<h4>Background</h4>Dietary melatonin, naturally occurring in plant- and animal-based foods, has been linked to beneficial effects on sleep, mood and metabolic health. Although evidence suggests that food-derived melatonin may elevate circulating levels, few studies have assessed its intake through habitual diets or explored associations with chronic disease outcomes in adults.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis within an open cohort of university graduates (baseline data). Dietary intake was evaluated using a validated 144-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and melatonin intake was estimated based on published concentrations. Sleep duration was also assessed through the questionnaire. Associations between dietary melatonin and selected health outcomes, including depression, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnoea and sleep duration, were examined across quintiles of intake using logistic regression and Poisson regression models with robust variance, adjusted for potential confounders.<h4>Results</h4>Melatonin content was assigned to 82.6% of the FFQ items, with concentrations ranging from 0 to 169.9 ng/g. Among 8320 participants, most were women (67.7%), with a mean age of 35.9 ± 9.6 years; 48.1% were single. Mean dietary melatonin intake was 25554.7 ± 13876.2 ng/day. In multivariate models, obesity was inversely associated with melatonin intake in Q2 (IRR 0.81, 95%CI 0.69-0.96); Q3 (IRR 0.72, 95%CI 0.60-0.86) and Q4 (IRR 0.79, 95%CI 0.67-0.94). Depression was inversely associated in Q3 (IRR 0.79, 95%CI 0.67-0.93) and Q4 (IRR 0.79, 95%CI 0.67-0.94), suggesting a nonlinear dose-response pattern.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Dietary melatonin intake was inversely associated with obesity and depression, with a non-linear dose-response pattern observed for depression. No significant associations were found with other chronic conditions or sleep duration. Longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to confirm these findings and clarify underlying mechanisms.…

PMID: 41588582

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex and common syndrome characterized by chronic widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and various functional symptoms without clear structural or pathological causes. Affecting approximately 1-5% of the global population, with a higher prevalence in women, FM significantly impacts patients' quality of life, often leading to considerable healthcare costs and loss of productivity. Despite its prevalence, the etiology of FM remains elusive, with genetic, environmental, and psychological factors, including nutrition, being implicated. Currently, no universally accepted treatment guidelines exist, and management strategies are often symptomatic. This narrative review explores the potential of a neuronutritional approach to FM management. It synthesizes existing research on the relationship between FM and nutrition, suggesting that dietary interventions could be a promising complementary treatment strategy. Various nutritional interventions, including vitamin D, magnesium, iron, and probiotics supplementation, have shown potential in reducing FM symptoms, such as chronic pain, anxiety, depression, cognitive dysfunction, sleep disturbances, and gastrointestinal issues. Additionally, weight loss has been associated with reduced inflammation and improved quality of life in FM patients. The review highlights the anti-inflammatory benefits of plant-based diets and the low-FODMAPs diet, which have shown promise in managing FM symptoms and related gastrointestinal disorders. Supplements such as vitamin D, magnesium, vitamin B12, coenzyme Q10, probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, melatonin, S-adenosylmethionine, and acetyl-L-carnitine are discussed for their potential benefits in FM management through various mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory effects, modulation of neurotransmitters, and improvement of mitochondrial function. In conclusion, this review underscores the importance of considering neuronutrition as a holistic approach to FM treatment, advocating for further research and clinical trials to establish comprehensive dietary guidelines and to optimize management strategies for FM patients.…

PMID: 39042252

Workplaces offer a key setting for health improvement interventions, given their reach and potential to promote lasting behaviour change. While diet and physical activity (PA) are common targets, sleep remains an underexplored yet influential factor in employee health. This randomised feasibility trial evaluated the practicality and acceptability of a 14-week, remotely delivered sleep-enhanced intervention (SEI) integrating sleep, PA, and diet, compared with a standard intervention (SI) focusing on PA and diet only, with exploratory assessment of behavioural and health-related outcomes. Staff from a UK higher education institution (<i>n</i> = 28) with short sleep duration (<7 h) and elevated cardiometabolic risk were randomised to SEI or SI. Quantitative data included self-reported and objective measures of PA, sleep, diet, and anthropometry over 14 weeks. Feasibility outcomes (recruitment, retention, compliance) and acceptability were assessed through qualitative interviews informed by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA). Recruitment targets were achieved with 82% retention and 84% adherence. The SEI group showed indications of improvement in PA, dietary behaviours, anxiety symptoms, and sleep hygiene, while both groups showed reductions in BMI and waist circumference. Qualitative data highlighted the value of personalised guidance, peer support, and accountability, but also noted that the SEI's complexity sometimes hindered adherence. The WHOLE trial demonstrates the feasibility and acceptability of a remotely delivered, holistic lifestyle intervention for UK employees. A phased or extended approach may enhance sustainability and engagement in future large-scale evaluations.…

PMID: 42325726